The Prehistoric Ages: How Humans Lived Before Written Records (Lesley Kennedy)

Earth’s beginnings can be traced back 4.5 billion years, but human evolution only counts for a tiny speck of its history. The Prehistoric Period—or when there was human life before records documented human activity—roughly dates from 2.5 million years ago to 1,200 B.C. It is generally categorized in three archaeological periods: the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age. …

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The Basic Law of Human Stupidity: Unraveling the Dark Force Hindering Human Welfare and Happiness (Abia, Agustina Viani, Jayanti Silaen, Jessie Anggraini, and Wahyu Hidayattulloh)

“The Basic Law of Human Stupidity” explores the deplorable state of human affairs throughout history and identifies a powerful yet unorganized group within the human race that perpetuates unnecessary troubles and miseries. This group, operating without leadership or regulations, functions in perfect unison, amplifying the detrimental effects of each member’s actions. This book seeks to …

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The new fascism (Paul Mason, Prospect)

Ithink the protests are great,” the far-right influencer James Goddard told subscribers to his Telegram channel, in a video the day after the Sunderland riot. “But we need to clean up the optics… Number one, please stay away from religious buildings, places of worship, mosques, Islamic centres. Just stay away from them. You’re going to …

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A New Era of Conflict and Violence (UN)

The nature of conflict and violence has transformed substantially since the UN was founded 75 years ago. Conflicts now tend to be less deadly and often waged between domestic groups rather than states. Homicides are becoming more frequent in some parts of the world, while gender-based attacks are increasing globally. The long-term impact on development …

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Pragmatism (Catherine Legg)

Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that – very broadly – understands knowing the world as inseparable from agency within it. This general idea has attracted a remarkably rich and at times contrary range of interpretations, including: that all philosophical concepts should be tested via scientific experimentation, that a claim is true if and only if …

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The Perils of Isolationism: The World Still Nees America — And America Needs the World (Condoleezza Rice, Hoover Institution)

In times of uncertainty, people reach for historical analogies. After 9/11, George W. Bush administration officials invoked Pearl Harbor as a standard comparison in processing the intelligence failure that led to the attack. Secretary of State Colin Powell referred to Imperial Japan’s attack in making the case that Washington should deliver an ultimatum to the …

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