Democracy or Apocalypse

In the 1930s, many European academics sought refuge in the United States, escaping the quickly deteriorating political situation in their home countries. Jewish scholars were ‘cleansed’ from the academy in Germany with the 1933 Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service and could sense that they were likely to lose more than their jobs …

Read More

Equal Justice They Said

What once distinguished the United States from illiberal regimes following the Orwellian mantra “some are more equal than others” was the hallowed American idea of “equal justice under the law.” The phrase is engraved above the entrance to the United States Supreme Court—an ideal that took centuries to achieve. Yet it is an ancient concept—what the …

Read More

A Stable Constitution for Unstable Times

One of the most fundamental questions of political theory is deceptively simple: why have a constitution at all? The answer to this question should be easy, given the widespread adoption of written constitutions in recent years, even if their substantive provisions vary widely from country to country. Read more

Multiculturalism

The idea of multiculturalism in contemporary political discourse and in political philosophy reflects a debate about how to understand and respond to the challenges associated with cultural diversity based on ethnic, national, and religious differences. The term “multicultural” is often used as a descriptive term to characterize the fact of diversity in a society, but …

Read More

Hebrew Bible

Hebrew Bible, also called Hebrew Scriptures, Old Testament, or Tanakh, collection of writings that was first compiled and preserved as the sacred books of the Jewish people. It also constitutes a large portion of the Christian Bible, known as the Old Testament. Except for a few passages in Aramaic, appearing mainly in the apocalyptic Book of Daniel, these scriptures were written originally in Hebrew during the period from 1200 to …

Read More

Noam Chomsky: Education for Whom and for What

The purpose and delivery method of education is one issue that perplexed me all my life. I wondered what Noam Chomsky have to say when I saw the title of this video. Not as I expected, but it still touches on certain important issues related to access method of delivery, and the purpose of higher …

Read More

Heart of Darkness

The Heart of Darkness is a book about Europeans’ occupation of Africa. Europeans went to Africa to “civilize” indigenous people but, as it happened, in Asia, South, Central, and North America, they became vicious and victimized them instead. Listen to the Audio

Faith and Reason

Traditionally, faith and reason have each been considered to be sources of justification for religious belief. Because both can purportedly serve this same epistemic function, it has been a matter of much interest to philosophers and theologians how the two are related and thus how the rational agent should treat claims derived from either source. …

Read More