John Locke

John Locke (b. 1632, d. 1704) was a British philosopher, Oxford academic and medical researcher. Locke’s monumental An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) is one of the first great defenses of modern empiricism and concerns itself with determining the limits of human understanding in respect to a wide spectrum of topics. It thus tells us in some …

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Allowing the Other to Speak: the Relevance of Postmodernism to Political Analysis

Political analysts often dismiss postmodernism, claiming that it is self-contradictory or simply irrelevant to the social sciences. While claims about the self-contradictory nature of postmodernism have some grounding, the latter assertion is more difficult to justify. In this article, I consider the main contributions of postmodernism to the discipline of political science and why these …

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Explaining Postmodernism

This is a book as stated in the title on postmodernism.  Postmodernism rejects medieval philosophy based principally on tradition, faith and mysticism (about 300 BCE to 1450 ADE) and modern philosophy represented primarily by enlightenment. Because enlightenment was a resurrection of the Socrates method or classical philosophy based on reason as advanced by the SPA …

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Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy

This video shows succinctly how the so-called western philosophy spreads confusion and subjects both individual and societal lives to ignorance. According to this “philosopher” requiring children to go to school is taking the children’s rights away or putting constraints on the children’s liberty. This thinking is shared by both conservatives and liberals and hence the …

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Relevant Expertise Aggregation: Aristotelian Middleway for Epistemic Democracy

Decision making in a democracy must respect democratic values, while advancing citizens’ interests. Decisions made in epistemic democracy must also take into account relevant knowledge about the world. Neither aggregation of independent guesses nor deliberations, the standard approach in epistemic democracy offers a satisfactory theory of decision-making that is at once time-sensitive and capable of …

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Xavier Zubiri’s Critique of Classical Philosophy

ABSTRACT: The contemporary Spanish philosopher Xavier Zubiri (1893-1983) developed his philosophy in constant dialogue with the past. Zubiri believed that there are fundamental flaws with classical philosophy that require a fresh approach. His critique of classical philosophy falls into three areas: conceptual, factual, and scope. The first is treated in this paper with respect to five …

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Critical Race Theory

This issue is a hot topic in the United States today. Basically, it is a tension between those who want to get rid off race preferential treatment such as affirmative action and those who want to maintain preferential treatment as a mechanism for protecting minorities from undue treatment by the white-oriented system. This video presents …

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From Barbarism to Civilization

The course of human events is not an eternal round. In the wisdom of the ancients, there are many proverbs to the effect that which is, has been before, and will be again. So far as human experience extends, unaided by reason, days and nights come and go, winter follows summer and summer follows winter …

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Sociology

sociology, social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them. It does this by examining the dynamics of constituent parts of societies such as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, or age groups. Sociology also studies social status or stratification, social movements, and social change, as well as a societal disorder in the form of crime, deviance, and revolution. Read …

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