The Future of Humanity Institute at Oxford University

The Future of Humanity Institute is a multidisciplinary research centre at the University of Oxford.  It enables leading researchers to bring the tools of mathematics, science, and philosophy to bear on big-picture questions about humanity and its prospects. We focus our research where we think it can make the greatest positive difference. This means we …

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Global Priorities Institute at Oxford University

The Global Priorities Institute is an interdisciplinary research centre at the University of Oxford. Its aim is to conduct foundational research that informs the decision-making of individuals and institutions seeking to do as much good as possible. It prioritises topics which are important, neglected, and tractable, and uses the tools of multiple disciplines, especially philosophy …

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Effective Altrusim

Effective altruism is widely misunderstood, even among its supporters. A recent paper – The Definition of Effective Altruism by Will MacAskill – lists some of the most common misconceptions.1 It’s aimed at academic philosophers, but works as a general summary. In short, effective altruism is commonly viewed as being about the moral obligation to donate as much money …

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John Locke on Slavery and Inalienable Rights

Slavery is so vile and miserable an Estate of Man, and so directly opposite to the generous Temper and Courage of our Nation; that ‘tis hardly to be conceived, that an Englishman, much less a Gentleman, should plead for’t. So begins the first of Locke’s Two Treatises of Government. But this Englishman, gentleman, and self-styled ‘lover of liberty’ was not himself …

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What Did the Founding Fathers of the United States of America say about Slavery?

Abraham Lincoln did believe that slavery was morally wrong, but there was one big problem: It was sanctioned by the highest law in the land, the Constitution. The nation’s founding fathers, who also struggled with how to address slavery, did not explicitly write the word “slavery” in the Constitution, but they did include key clauses protecting the institution, including a …

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Slavery in History

Trace the history of slavery and abolition through the ages, from the days of ancient Egypt and Rome to the birth of the anti-slavery movement and the latest United Nations treaties.  Read more

Up from Slavery

For many libertarians, “the road to serfdom” is not just the title of a great book but also the window through which they see the world. We’re losing our freedom, year after year, they think. They (we) quote Thomas Jefferson: “The natural progress of things is for liberty to yield and government to gain ground.” We …

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Hegel, Identity Politics and the Problem of Slavery

This article examines the relevance of Hegel’s philosophy and political thought, and especially his views on slavery, for contemporary identity politics. It offers an account of Hegel’s metaphysical beliefs and explores the relevance of those beliefs for our understanding of his views on ‘the self. It is suggested that for Hegel all individual selves are …

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Liberalism Then and Now

Kenneth Minogue’s The Liberal Mind first appeared in the 1960s, an era when “the young and the radical in the Western world were in a restive condition.” As Minogue correctly diagnosed, the restiveness had two sides, “one cynical, the other sentimental.” Six decades later, the modern liberals’ restiveness has become far more vexatious, and their cynicism and …

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How Spontaneous Orders Built Our World

To explain one of the core classical liberal concepts, IHS offers a video exploring the theme of spontaneous order. The video features Bruce Caldwell, professor of economics at Duke University, describing the role of spontaneous order in society. “Spontaneous orders are often contrasted with constructed orders,” Caldwell says. “The idea that you can have something that …

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